NOT ALL SPELLS ARE EPILEPTIC IN DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN INFANTILE NEUROAXONAL DYSTROPHY
Veysi Demirbilek, Gülçin Benbir, Ayşin DerventABSTRACT
Here, we present two patients having infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy and breath-holding spells. Presence of the common respiratory problems in children with neurological disabilities may predispose the child with breath-holding spells and infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy to a danger of prolonged apnea and may be to a life-threatening event. Careful discrimination of breath-holding spells from true epileptic seizures need special emphasis, since acute delivery of antiepileptic drugs such as phenobarbitone or benzodiazepines may have further disturbing effects on respiration. It should be kept in mind that not every tonic or clonic movements are epileptic, and benign non-epileptic fits such as breath-holding spells may also co-exist in progressively deteriorating childhood disorders including infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy.
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Pubmed Style
Veysi Demirbilek, Gülçin Benbir, Ayşin Dervent. [NOT ALL SPELLS ARE EPILEPTIC IN DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN INFANTILE NEUROAXONAL DYSTROPHY]. Nobel Med 2014; 10(1): 79-81, English. -
Web Style
Veysi Demirbilek, Gülçin Benbir, Ayşin Dervent. [NOT ALL SPELLS ARE EPILEPTIC IN DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN INFANTILE NEUROAXONAL DYSTROPHY]. www.nobelmedicus.com/en/Article.aspx?m=1716 [Access: Mayıs 24, 2021], English. -
AMA (American Medical Association) Style
Veysi Demirbilek, Gülçin Benbir, Ayşin Dervent. [NOT ALL SPELLS ARE EPILEPTIC IN DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN INFANTILE NEUROAXONAL DYSTROPHY]. Nobel Med 2014; 10(1): 79-81, English. -
Vancouver/ICMJE Style
Veysi Demirbilek, Gülçin Benbir, Ayşin Dervent. [NOT ALL SPELLS ARE EPILEPTIC IN DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN INFANTILE NEUROAXONAL DYSTROPHY]. Nobel Med (2014); 10(1): 79-81, [cited Mayıs 24, 2021], English. -
Harvard Style
Veysi Demirbilek, Gülçin Benbir, Ayşin Dervent. (2014) [NOT ALL SPELLS ARE EPILEPTIC IN DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS: BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN INFANTILE NEUROAXONAL DYSTROPHY]. Nobel Med, 10(1): 79-81, English.