Objective: This study investigates the impact of self- efficacy and health locus of control on functional capacity and quality of life in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). It explores how these psychological factors influence pain management, mobility, and overall quality of life.

Material and Method: This cross-sectional study included 110 knee OA patients aged 55–76 years. Data were collected using validated tools, including the Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and Short fform-36 (Sff-36). Relationships among self-efficacy, health locus of control, functional capacity, and quality of life were analyzed using Pearson correlation.

Results: Higher self-efficacy was significantly associated with reduced pain, better physical and mental health, and enhanced functional capacity. An internal health locus of control correlated positively with improved outcomes, while external control and chance-fatalistic beliefs were linked to poorer functionality and reduced quality of life. These results highlight the significant influence of psychosocial factors on OA management.

Conclusion: Self-efficacy and internal locus of control are key determinants of improved functional capacity and quality of life in knee OA patients. Interventions to enhance self-efficacy and a sense of control over health could significantly improve outcomes and reduce disease burden. These findings underline the importance of psychosocial strategies in strengthening patients’ control perceptions and enhancing their quality of life.

Osteoarthritis Self-efficacy Health locus of control Pain management Quality of life Functional status